ANALYSIS OF TOXICOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY II

The course aims to provide theoretical and practical knowledge to carry out chemical-toxicological analyses. In particular, the student will acquire the ability to 1) know the analytical characteristics of pollutants with particular reference to water and soil pollutants 2) understand the main methods of analysis of pollutants required by current legislation 3) apply specific methodologies and analytical techniques through single-seat and group laboratory exercises.

The course is divided into lectures (35 hours, 5 CFU) and laboratory exercises (39 hours, 3 CFU). The exercises aim to provide each student with the opportunity to apply different analytical methods for the identification and qualitative determination in environmental and non-environmental matrices, and to use the necessary instrumentation for the execution of such analyzes.

Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.

FIRST MODULE

Chemical-toxicological analysis: principles and aims. Presentation and description of different specific types of environmental analysis that are necessary due to:

- WATER pollution (river or sewage or wastewater): water treatment for drinking, domestic and industrial use

- AIR pollution: gaseous inorganic pollutants in the air. Production and control of carbon oxides, sulfur and nitrogen. Insights on sulphides, ammonia; fluorine, halogens and their gaseous compounds. Organic pollutants in the atmosphere. Aromatic hydrocarbons. Aldehydes and ketones. Organic compounds: halogenated, sulphured, nitrogenous.

- SOIL pollution: Chemical-physical features of environmental pollutants: washout and persistence.

- Exposure to active ingredients (API) in the workplace, analytical evaluation of the effectiveness of containment strategies Insights and updates on the validation of advanced analytical methods and the reported parameters of the latest international guidelines. Methods for sampling and sample pretreatment: Sampling. Analysis of samples for environmental monitoring. Nature and classes of organic, inorganic and metallorganic pollutants. Analysis of cations and anions: wet and dry

SECOND MODULE

Instrumental analysis methods.

Spectroscopic techniques: 1)Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. 2)UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and 3) IR absorption spectroscopy: elements and applications of advanced analysis.

Mass spectrometry: ionization techniques, types of sources, mass analyzers and acquisition methods. Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LCMS): characteristics and functioning

Electrochemical detection based on the use of amperometric and coulombmetric type detectors.

Chromatographic techniques: principles, separation mechanisms (adsorption, partition, ion exchange, size exclusion, affinity). Liquid chromatography, liquid-solid chromatography and bound phase chromatography. Enantioselective separations, chiral stationary phases, chiral selectors. Planar chromatography. HPLC and HPIC.

1) ›C. Baird, M. Cann.“Chimica Ambientale” - Zanichelli.

›2) Araneo.“Chimica analitica qualitativa” - Casa Editrice Ambrosiana.

›3) Baue, Christian, O'Reilly.“Analisi Strumentale” - Piccin

›4) C. Marzano, C. Medana “Chimica Tossicologica” - Piccin.

›5) S.E. Manahan.“Chimica dell’ambiente” - Piccin.