Toxicology

Academic Year 2022/2023 - Teacher: Agata Graziella COPANI

Expected Learning Outcomes

Basic knowledge of the side effects of drugs (with a special emphasis on chemoterapeutics). Understanding the molecular basis of drug abuse.

Course Structure

Lectures according to the didactic calendar

Required Prerequisites

Biochemistry Physiology Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy

Attendance of Lessons

Recommended

Detailed Course Content

Principles of toxicology – Therapeutic index and margin of safety; unwanted side effects; acute, subacute and chronic toxicities, toxicological aspects of drug absorption, distribution and excretion;drug metabolism-induced toxicity; genetic polymorphism and drug interactions.

Cellular and molecular toxicology – Mechanisms of cell death; molecular basis of programmed cell death; pharmacological regulation of cellular toxicity; molecular mechanisms of cancerogenesis and teratogenesis.

 Drugs with selective toxicity: 1) a detailed compendium of all antibacterial, antiviral, antimycotic, and anti-malaric drugs; 2) antineoplastic drugs; 3) immunosupressants and biological modifiers.

Drug abuse - The neurobiology of drug abuse; effects of psycostimulants, allucinogens, cannabis derivatives, opioids, anabolic steroids, ethanol, GHB, nicotine.

Textbook Information

Goodman & Gilman's - The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics. Casarett and Doulls Toxicology - The Basic Science of Poisons.

Course Planning

 SubjectsText References
1 Principles of toxicology – Therapeutic index and margin of safety; unwanted side effects; acute, subacute and chronic toxicities, toxicological aspects of drug absorption, distribution and excretion; drug metabolism-induced toxicity; genetic polymorphism and drug interactions 5
2 Cellular and molecular toxicology – Mechanisms of cell death; molecular basis of programmed cell death; pharmacological regulation of cellular toxicity; molecular mechanisms of cancerogenesis and teratogenesis 5
3Antibacterial chemotherapeutic agents: bacterial resistance and selection criteria5
4 Drugs with selective toxicity: a detailed compendium of antibacterial drugs5
5Drugs with selective toxicity: a detailed compendium of antimycotic drugs 5
6Drugs with selective toxicity: a detailed compendium of anti-malaric drugs5
7Drugs with selective toxicity: a detailed compendium of antiviral drugs5
8Drugs with selective toxicity:  a detailed compendium of antineoplastic drugs5
9Drugs with selective toxicity: a detailed compendium of  immunosupressants and biological modifiers. 5
10 Drug abuse - The neurobiology of drug abuse; effects of psycostimulants, allucinogens, cannabis derivatives, opioids, anabolic steroids, ethanol, GHB, nicotine. 5

Learning Assessment

Learning Assessment Procedures

The correct understanding of the topics is verified during the oral exam. The ability to apply the knowledge acquired during the course through reasoning and synthesis is highly rated.

Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises

Self-evaluation tests at the end of the appropriate chapters of the textbooks