TOSSICOLOGIA SISTEMATICA

Academic Year 2025/2026 - Teacher: SARA MERLO

Expected Learning Outcomes

Knowledge on the toxic effects deriving from exposure to different categories of substances, at the level of organs and biological systems.

Course Structure

Lectures.

According to the RDA, Art. 12 – University Educational Credits (CFU), within the standard workload of 25 hours of overall student commitment corresponding to one credit, the following may be included: a) 7 hours devoted to lectures or equivalent teaching activities, with the remaining hours allocated to individual study; b) at least 12 and no more than 15 hours devoted to classroom exercises or equivalent assisted activities (laboratories), with the remaining hours allocated to personal study and elaboration.

Students with disability/specific learning disorders may request a meeting to discuss their specific needs.

Students may also reach out to the CInAP Department Referent (Centro per l’integrazione Attiva e Partecipata - Servizi per le Disabilità e/o i DSA), Prof. Santina Chiechio.

Required Prerequisites

Basic skills in anatomy, physiology and biochemistry.

Attendance of Lessons

Class attendance is mandatory (http://www.dsf.unict.it/corsi/l-29_sfa/regolamento-didattico)

Detailed Course Content

  • Introduction to Systems Toxicology. Principles of toxicokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of xenobiotics. Mechanisms implicated in the induction of molecular, cellular, and organ damage following the interaction between xenobiotic substances and their targets. Biomonitoring: risk assessment of exposure to toxic agents resulting from their presence in the environment. Lower and higher organisms as useful bioindicators. Molecular biomarkers and their measurement. Occupational exposure to toxic agents. Exposure from indoor pollution.
  • Overview of the main classes of organ-toxic xenobiotics and their molecular mechanisms of action.
  • Environmental/industrial xenobiotics: metals, solvents, and pesticides. Natural and foodborne xenobiotics: bacterial toxins, marine toxins, mycotoxins, fungal toxins, plant toxins, animal toxins.
  • Organ and system toxicities.
  • Immunotoxicology. Hematotoxicity. Endocrine system toxicity. Developmental and reproductive toxicology. Hepatotoxicity. Nephrotoxicity. Neurotoxicity. Cardiovascular toxicity. Pulmonary toxicity. Skin toxicity.

Textbook Information

1) Galli, Corsini, Marinovich, Tossicologia – Piccin

2) Casarett & Doull's: Tossicologia EMSI

Others:

3) Paoletti, Nicosia, Clementi, Fumagalli: Ecotossicologia UTET

Learning Assessment

Learning Assessment Procedures

Oral exam.

Students with disability/specific learning disorders may request a meeting to discuss their specific needs in order to take the exam.

Students may also reach out to the CInAP Department Referent (Centro per l’integrazione Attiva e Partecipata - Servizi per le Disabilità e/o i DSA), Prof. Santina Chiechio.

Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises

1) Targets for ethanol toxicity

2) Blood toxicity

3) Liver toxicity

4) Targets of pesticide toxicity