ANATOMIA - FISIOLOGIA M - Z

Learning Objectives

• FISIOLOGIA

  PHYSIOLOGY

  • Gain a clear understanding of the cellular mechanisms and network that enable the human body to function.
  • Knowing the integrated functioning of the different organs, apparatus and control systems through which the living organism obtains and maintains homeostasis.
  • Clear understanding of the mechanisms that, when abnormal, turn into pathological dysfunctions.

Detailed Course Content

• FISIOLOGIA

  General part

  • Compartmentalization: cells, tissues and organs
  • Homeostasis, adaptation and responsiveness.
  • Intercellular Communication and modulation of signal transduction.
  • Control systems: Feedback Loops.

  The Nervous System

  • Functional Classification: central and peripheral nervous system
  • Cells of the Nervous System.
  • Neurons: excitable cells.
  • Resting potential and action potential.
  • Chemical and electrical synapses
  • Post-synaptic responses.
  • The central nervous system
  • Afferent Pathways
  • Efferent Pathways: autonomic nervous system and the somatic motor system.
  • The control of body movement: integrated functions of the spinal cord, cerebellum and basal ganglia.

  The Endocrine System

  • Hormones, chemical characteristics, synthesis and secretion, transport in blood, mode of action.
  • Functions of the main endocrine glands: hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, adrenal, pancreas. Regulation of calcium metabolism.
  • The Hypothalamus: its fundamental role in the Regulatory Systems of the homeostasis.

  Muscle

  • Muscular system: functions and mechanism of skeletal, smooth muscle and heart.
  • Neuromuscular Junction.

  Cardiovascular system

  • General properties, electrocardiogram, mechanical cycle of the heart.
  • Cardiac output and its regulation.
  • Regulation of blood pressure: influence of the vessels and the renin-angiotensin system.
  • The baroreflex.

  Renal physiology

  • Urinary system, nephron, glomerular ultrafiltration, resorption processes and tubular secretion.
  • Antidiuretic hormone and aldosterone: the control of diuresis.
  • Regulation of acid-base balance. Buffers of human body.
  • Urination and its regulation.

  Respiratory system

  • Breathing and functions of the pleural space.
  • Functions of the lung in the regulation of acid-base balance.
  • Nervous control of breathing
  • Chemical control of breathing
  • Control of the respiratory center.

  Nutrition physiology

  • Digestion and absorption of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
  • Basal metabolic rate, body masses and their determination.
  • Water balance: intake and elimination. Regulation of fluid and electrolyte balance by hormones: vasopressin, renin, angiotensin, aldosterone. The thirst center.

Textbook Information

• FISIOLOGIA
  1. Dee U. Silverthorn. FISIOLOGIA UMANA. UN APPROCCIO INTEGRATO. Ed. Pearson
  2. Carbone, Cicirata, Aicardi - Fisiologia: dalle molecole ai sistemi integrati – EDISES